RESUMO
Objetivos. Conocer la prevalencia de uso y los factores relacionados con la prescripción de benzodiacepinas (BZD) en ancianos en la comunidad, hospital de agudos (HA) y una unidad de convalecencia geriátrica (UCO). Material y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo de 334 pacientes ingresados en una UCO que procedían de un HA. Se realizó una valoración geriátrica integral que incluía situación funcional y cognitiva previa a la hospitalización, al ingreso y al alta de UCO (índice de Barthel, índice de Lawton y Mini-Mental de Folstein), así como la comorbilidad (índice de Charlson), polifarmacia y situación social. Se compararon las proporciones de prescripción de esta muestra a lo largo de diferentes niveles asistenciales y se valoraron los factores relacionados con dicha prescripción mediante el test de la chi al cuadrado. Resultados. La prevalencia de uso de BZD en la comunidad fue del 23,6%, siendo el sexo femenino y la polifarmacia factores relacionados con la prescripción. Durante el ingreso en HA esta proporción aumentó al 38,6% y tras la estancia en UCO descendió al 21,9%. Los factores asociados con la prescripción de BZD en el HA fueron el sexo femenino, la polifarmacia y el diagnóstico relacionado con un problema osteoarticular-fractura, y en la UCO el sexo femenino y la polifarmacia. Conclusiones. La prevalencia de uso de BZD fue alta entre la población anciana en todos los niveles asistenciales (domicilio, HA y UCO) y uno de los factores asociados significativamente a su prescripción fue la polifarmacia. Dicha prescripción se vio incrementada durante la hospitalización en unidades de agudos por procesos médicos y/o quirúrgicos (AU)
Objectives. To determine the prevalence of benzodiazepine (BZD) prescription and the factors related to prescribing them in the elderly in the community, in an acute general hospital (AH) and in a convalescence geriatric unit (CGU). Material and methods. Retrospective study of 334 CGU inpatients discharged from an AH. A comprehensive geriatric assessment included functional and cognitive evaluation before hospitalization, at admission and at discharge from CGU (Barthel index, Lawton index and Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination), as well as comorbidity (Charlson index), polypharmacy and social situation. The percentage of benzodiazepine prescriptions at the different healthcare levels was compared and their related factors were evaluated (Chi-squared test). Results. The prevalence of benzodiazepine prescriptions in the community was 23.6%, and being female and polypharmacy were related factors to prescribing at this level. During AH admission, this proportion increased up to 38.6%, and after CGU admission decreased to 21.,9%. Factors related to prescription in AH were, being female, polypharmacy and osteoarticular-fracture related diagnosis, and in CGU, being female and polypharmacy. Conclusions. The prevalence of benzodiazepine prescribing was high among elderly people at every healthcare level (community, AH and CGU), and polypharmacy was one of the significant factors associated with prescribing. This prescribing was increased during AH admission due to a medical or surgical process (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Grupos de Risco , Receptores de GABA-A/uso terapêutico , Hospitalização/tendências , Abreviaturas como Assunto , Administração Oral , Demência/epidemiologia , Demência/prevenção & controle , Estudos Retrospectivos , Comorbidade , Confusão/epidemiologia , Delírio/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of benzodiazepine (BZD) prescription and the factors related to prescribing them in the elderly in the community, in an acute general hospital (AH) and in a convalescence geriatric unit (CGU). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 334 CGU inpatients discharged from an AH. A comprehensive geriatric assessment included functional and cognitive evaluation before hospitalization, at admission and at discharge from CGU (Barthel index, Lawton index and Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination), as well as comorbidity (Charlson index), polypharmacy and social situation. The percentage of benzodiazepine prescriptions at the different healthcare levels was compared and their related factors were evaluated (Chi-squared test). RESULTS: The prevalence of benzodiazepine prescriptions in the community was 23.6%, and being female and polypharmacy were related factors to prescribing at this level. During AH admission, this proportion increased up to 38.6%, and after CGU admission decreased to 21.,9%. Factors related to prescription in AH were, being female, polypharmacy and osteoarticular-fracture related diagnosis, and in CGU, being female and polypharmacy. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of benzodiazepine prescribing was high among elderly people at every healthcare level (community, AH and CGU), and polypharmacy was one of the significant factors associated with prescribing. This prescribing was increased during AH admission due to a medical or surgical process.
